Fasting in Islam, known as Sawm (صوم), is an important act of worship, particularly observed during the holy month of Ramadan. Muslims fast from dawn (Fajr) until sunset (Maghrib), abstaining from food, drink, smoking, and marital relations during this time. The fast is broken with the evening meal called Iftar, and the pre-dawn meal is called Suhoor.
Types of Fasting in Islam
- Obligatory Fasting (Fard) – Ramadan fasting is a pillar of Islam and is mandatory for all adult Muslims, except those who are exempt (e.g., sick, travelers, elderly, pregnant, menstruating women).
- Voluntary Fasting (Nafl) – Includes fasting on Mondays & Thursdays, the 13th, 14th, and 15th of each Islamic month (Ayyam al-Bid), and the day of Arafah (9th Dhul-Hijjah).
- Expiatory Fasting (Kaffarah) – Required as a penalty for breaking certain oaths or sins.
- Make-up Fasting (Qada) – For missed fasts during Ramadan due to valid reasons.
Spiritual and Health Benefits
- Strengthens self-discipline and patience.
- Encourages empathy for the less fortunate.
- Helps detoxify the body and improve metabolism.
